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 ORIGINAL ARTICLE: A.S. Rao, B.R. Phanikumar and R.S. Sharma Prediction of swelling characteristics of remoulded and compacted expansive soils using free swell index Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, Aug 2004; 37: 217 - 226.  ......for prediction of swell potential and swelling...plasticity index, shrinkage index, activity...Expansive soils swell during the wet season...absorbing water and shrink during the dry season...for prediction of swell potential and swelling...plasticity index, shrinkage index, activity...... |
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ARTICLE: A. Orhan Erol and Abdulmohsin Dhowian Swell behaviour of arid climate shales from Saudi Arabia Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, August 1990; 23: 243 - 254. ......contents are far below the shrinkage limit of the soils. Previous...shown that expansive soils swell to an equilibrium water...climates where the seasonal swell-shrink phenome- non is the primary...opposed to the seasonal swell-shrink phenomenon experienced...... |
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE: A.H. Cooper The classification, recording, databasing and use of information about building damage caused by subsidence and landslides Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, Aug 2008; 41: 409 - 424. ......dissolution of soluble rocks, shrink-swell of clays and landslides. In many...subsidence, mining-induced subsidence, shrink-swell clays, collapsible soils and landslides...assessing damage in landslide, shrink-swell and mining subsidence affected...... |
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 INTRODUCTION: F. G. Bell Engineering geology of Quaternary soils: II Methods of treatment Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 1991; 7: 39 - 62. ......permeability, collapsibility and high swell/shrink potential, as well as difficulties...permeability, collapsibility and high swell/shrink potential, as well as difficulties...is a gradual improvement in the swell-shrink behaviour of the soil. Numerous...... |
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INTRODUCTION: F. G. Bell, M. G. Culshaw, A. Forster and C. P. Nathanail The engineering geology of the Nottingham area, UK Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2009; 22: 1 - 24. ......dissolution, landslides, rockfalls, swell-shrink problems in Jurassic clays and...Lias Group Landslides; shrink-swell clay No Fissure flow in limestone...Penarth Group Landslides; shrink-swell clay No Yes Minor aquifer...... |
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ARTICLE: A. C. Stamatopoulos, J. C. Christodoulias and H. Ch. Giannaros Treatment of expansive soils for reducing swell potential and increasing strength Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, November 1992; 25: 301 - 312. ......analysis, (d) linear shrinkage, condition and unrestrained swelling--called free swell (e) shrinkage limits by the apparatus...standard deviation 4.3%. Shrinkage limits were 10.0 to 12.2%, while the free swell in suspension was 80...... |
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SESSION 3A (I) TROPICAL PROCESSES AND DEPOSITS: G. Guorui The distribution, formation and engineering properties of Quaternary regional Sediments in China Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 1991; 7: 491 - 501. ......Non-self-weight collapse Ca Non-self weight collapse Ca Weak collapse Ca Weak collapse Ca Low swell shrink K Moderate swell shrink K Low swell shrink K Moderate swell shrink K Moderate swell-shrink K Moderate swell shrink K Moderate-low swell-shrink...... |
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SECTION 8: PLANNING AND GEOHAZARDS: F. G. Bell and M. G. Culshaw Some geohazards caused by soil mineralogy, chemistry and microfabric: a review Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 1998; 15: 427 - 441. ......in considerable financial loss. Swell-shrink in clay soils, for example, has...principal factors influen- cing the swell-shrink response of a clay soil beneath...swelling pressures. Therefore, the swell-shrink behaviour of a clay soil under...... |
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4. Properties of clay materials, soils and mudrocks Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2006; 21: 73 - 138. ......clays that display a propensity to shrink- swell, rapid dispersion and structural...high plasticity are subject to shrink-swell behaviour and, where constrained...swell more than dispersed clays. Swell-shrink behaviour of a clay soil under...... |
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PROCEEDINGS: Tropical Residual Soils Geological Society Engineering Group Working Party Report Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, February 1990; 23: 4 - 101. ......Durability Infiltration Swell/shrink Plasticity Primary Secondary...soils include (Chapter 5): swell test; shrinkage test; fabric collapse; plasticity...table, show a high degree of shrinkage on drying. When wetted they swell, exerting high pressures...... |
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Claudia Meisina Swelling-shrinking properties of weathered clayey soils associated with shallow landslides Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, May 2004; 37: 77 - 94. ......downhill. Expansive clays shrink and swell when subjected to soil moisture...plays an important role in the swell-shrink behaviour of the soils. As expected...test, low shrinkage limit). The swell-shrink deformations vary with the climate...... |
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10. Earthworks Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2006; 21: 275 - 313. ......compaction of the clay and seasonal shrink and swell cycles within the clay. In the...materials; the presence of water; shrink and swell cycles induced by seasonal moisture...because of the uptake of water, shrink-swell movements in response to seasonal...... |
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6. British clay stratigraphy Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2006; 21: 153 - 175. ......hazards in terms of volume change (swell/shrink) and landslides. The present outcrop...g. Filey Bay, Yorkshire) and to swell/shrink behaviour. Evidence of micro-tectonic...problems by way of subsidence due to swell/shrink, and slope instability. It exhibits...... |
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INTRODUCTION: M. G. Culshaw, J. C. Cripps, F. G. Bell and C. F. Moon Engineering geology of Quaternary soils: I. Processes and properties Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 1991; 7: 3 - 38. ......stength, high compressibility, high shrink/swell behaviour (similar characteristics...the soils with the help of the swell/shrink process. Generally, the clay fraction...erosion and dispersion as well as swell/shrink problems. Vargas (1985) suggested...... |
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ARTICLE: Robert W. Fleming and Arvid M. Johnson Rates of seasonal creep of silty clay soil Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, February 1975; 8: 1 - 29. ......paper by Davison (1889) where the shrink-swell theory of seasonal creep was introduced...tests the generalized theory. The shrink-swell theory of creep may apply to some...directly opposed to predictions of the shrink-swell theory. First, the silty clay soil...... |
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Paul Hughes and Stephanie Glendinning Deep dry mix ground improvement of a soft peaty clay using blast furnace slag and red gypsum Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, Aug 2004; 37: 205 - 216. ......possible to gain an indication of the shrink and swell of the modified soil. It was found that the maximum swell occurred in sample E/C100/200 at 3.0m...increasing the strength, with subsequent swell ultimately reducing strength. However...... |
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GEOLOGY OF MEGACITIES AND URBAN AREAS: B. R. Marker Geology of megacities and urban areas Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2009; 22: 33 - 48. ......conditions including areas subject to shrink-swell and collapsible soils. This study...data, including rock strength, shrink-swell characteristics, compressibility...Ruff, A. 2009. Expanding cities, shrinking cities, sustainable cities: challenges...... |
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PLANNING AND GEOHAZARDS: A. D. Gibson and R. Chowdhury Planning and geohazards Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2009; 22: 113 - 123. ......further similarity is that pervasive hazards such as shrink-swell are not highlighted; perhaps a reflection of the type...760 Collapsible soils 196, 294, 324 Shrink-swell 410, 465 Volcanoes 114, 624 Fissuring...... |
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Glossary Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2006; 21: 485 - 511. ......silicate(s) Shelf Shield Shrinkage limit Silcrete Siliceous...between the layers and swell. The members of the group...structured and normal shrinkage, where during normal...smectite which imparts shrink-swell characteristics to soil...... |
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MISCELLANEOUS: M.G. Culshaw From concept towards reality: developing the attributed 3D geological model of the shallow subsurface Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, Aug 2005; 38: 231 - 284. ......a range of geohazards, namely: mass movement; swell/shrink; dissolution; compressibility; shallow undermining...Factors such as slope angle (landsliding) or plasticity (swell shrink) could be incorporated into algorithms for the assessment...... |
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3. Formation and alteration of clay materials Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2006; 21: 29 - 71. ......smectite are imparted to the soil so that it shrinks and develops cracks when dried and swells...since all bentonites have the capacity to swell but smectites whose exchangeable cations...Because of their extraordinary capacity to swell, sodium saturated bentonites are highly...... |
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ENGINEERING GEOLOGY IN GEOTECHNICAL RISK MANAGEMENT: G.J. Hearn and C.I. Massey Engineering geology in the management of roadside slope failures: contributions to best practice from Bhutan and Ethiopia Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, November 2009; 42: 511 - 528. ......tuff had been deeply weathered to form residual soils (predominantly clays), with Black Cotton Soil (a smectite-rich, shrink-swell clay) being the predominant soil developed on the basalt. Engineering geological mapping Engineering geological mapping...... |
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INTRODUCTION: F. G. Bell, J. C. Cripps, M. G. Culshaw and M. O'Hara Aspects of geology in planning Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 1987; 4: 1 - 38. ......deposits are subject to swelling and shrink- age in response to changes in water...and some varieties of chlorite also swell. Soils containing significant proportions...clays are also liable to swell and shrink in response to changes in moisture...... |
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LEGACY OF THE PAST AND FUTURE CLIMATE CHANGE: J. G. Rees, A. D. Gibson, M. Harrison, A. Hughes and J. C. Walsby Regional modelling of geohazard change Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2009; 22: 49 - 63. ......formation particularly susceptible to shrink-swell behaviour, one of the geohazards...provides a much better model of shrinkage properties at the surface (Fig...representation (2 m depth) of ground shrinkage potential of the London Clay Formation...... |
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LEGACY OF THE PAST AND FUTURE CLIMATE CHANGE: J. Nathanail and V. Banks Climate change: implications for engineering geology practice Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2009; 22: 65 - 82. ......of chemical aggressiveness Shrinkage problems in cohesive strata...Collapsible ground Shrink-swell clays Natural cavities...Doornkamp, J. C. 1993. Clay shrinkage induced subsidence. Geographical...... |
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SUBSTRUCTURES AND UNDERGROUND SPACE: C. D. F. Rogers Substructures, underground space and sustainable urban environments Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2009; 22: 177 - 188. ......relatively large ground movements and stress changes are highly likely, whether from changes to the nature of the ground (shrink-swell of clay soils), surface loading or adjacent works (lateral displacements deriving from stress relief, compaction stresses...... |
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GEODATA FOR THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT: H. J. Reeves and T. R. West Geodata for the urban environment Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2009; 22: 209 - 213. ......model the geohazard datasets of the UK (collapsible deposits, compressible ground, slope instability, running sand, shrink-swell (subsidence and heave) and dissolution). The major advantage of this system is that it produces a fully auditable trail...... |
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE: A.R. Farrant and A.H. Cooper Karst geohazards in the UK: the use of digital data for hazard management Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, Aug 2008; 41: 339 - 356. ......geohazard data for soluble rocks (dissolution), landslides (slope instability), compressible ground, collapsible rocks, shrink-swell deposits and running sand. The GeoSure dissolution dataset can be used to identify areas where there is potential for...... |
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE: D. Brook and B. Marker Planning for development on land that is potentially prone to subsidence in England Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, Aug 2008; 41: 403 - 408. ......to dissolution, strata liable to shrinkage-swelling, compressible soils, running...1993) and volume changes such as shrinkage, swelling and compressible ground...covering, at present, soluble rocks, shrink-swell, compressible ground, running sand...... |
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PROCEEDINGS: Proceedings: Engineering Group of the Geological Society 1978-79 Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, May 1980; 13: 129 - 132. ......Piccadilly, London, W1. Swelling, Shrinkage and Heave in Soils and Rocks. tries...structure. Examples of un-confined swell tests from a suite of sandstones...Research Establishment.) Soils which shrink and swell significantly as their water storage...... |
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BOOK REVIEW: Mike Rosenbaum Urban Geology in Wales by Douglas Nichol, Michael G Bassett & Valerie K Deisler. National Museum & Galleries of Wales, Geological Series No. 23, 2004, £18 softback 256pp. ISBN: 0 7200 0549 3. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, May 2005; 38: 223 - 224. ......paper on estuarine soils is astonishingly brief. The karstic solution that affected the M4 construction, problems of shrink-swell, and fault reactivation could all have been usefully included, and some discussion of seismicity would have been welcome...... |
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE: L.K. Philip, H. Shimell, P.J. Hewitt and H.T. Ellard A field-based test cell examining clay desiccation in landfill liners Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, Nov 2002; 35: 345 - 354. ......cracking Moisture loss leads to shrinkage, pore suctions and ultimately cracking...University of Leeds, for provision of shrinkage test results and Lesley Neve for...fibres to reduce tension cracks and shrink/swell in compacted clay. Geotechnical...... |
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REGULAR ARTICLE: L. J. Donnelly and J. G. Rees Tectonic and mining induced fault reactivation around Barlaston on the Midlands Microcraton, North Staffordshire, UK Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, May 2001; 34: 195 - 214. ......periglacial erosion and weathering, the shrinkage and swelling of clays, compression...agricultural land was dry with abundant shrinkage fissures. Pulses of groundwater...movements, such as structural flaws, shrink-swell clays, frost heave, weathering...... |
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SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION: F.G. Bell, J. C. Cripps and M. G. Culshaw The significance of engineering geology to construction Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 1995; 10: 3 - 29. ......are susceptible to swelling or shrinkage. Williams & Jennings (1977) found...structure has a major influence on the shrinkage process. A review of the various...whether or not the soil is likely to swell or shrink according to any seasonal variations...... |
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ARTICLE: A. B. Hawkins and G. M. Pinches Engineering description of mudrocks Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, February 1992; 25: 17 - 30. ......percentage clay fraction which affects its geomechanical properties: undrained strength, shear strength, durability, shrink/ swell potential, permeability etc. The sedimentologists have suggested 50% and 66% using a 4 ~tm boundary but at a lower...... |
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ARTICLE: A. B. Hawkins and B. J. McConnell Sandstones as geomaterials Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, February 1991; 24: 135 - 142. ......soundness. Whilst in many aggre- gates some possible change in volume could be toler- ated as contained clay minerals shrink and swell, this is not acceptable in concrete, partly as it may induce cracks at the aggregate surface. Certain minerals are...... |
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KEYNOTE ADDRESS: P. G. Fookes Quaternary engineering geology Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 1991; 7: 73 - 98. ......to montmorillonite (smectite) clays i.e. those clays that can have high plasticity characteristics with very large shrink and swell potential. Colluvial and talluvial soils develop on hill and mountain slopes in all regions. 82 P.G. FOOKES Fig. 5...... |
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ARTICLE: S. G. Lee and M. H. de Freitas A revision of the description and classification of weathered granite and its application to granites in Korea Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, February 1989; 22: 31 - 48. ......encountered and cannot be softened, disaggregated, or easily weakened by accelerated weathering. Furthermore, it does not swell or shrink appreciably upon soaking (Goodman 1976). According to this definition, F to MW materials may be considered as rock...... |
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ARTICLE: Peter Smart Structure of a red clay soil from Nyeri, Kenya Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, May 1973; 6: 129 - 139. ......1, 2 and 3 summarize much of their data. They also reported shrinkage tests and the suction: moisture content characteristic. They...dispersed amorphous ferric hydroxide; impervious; plastic; shrinks and swells; water unstable, liable to flow and to silt-up...... |
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12. Specialized applications Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2006; 21: 347 - 385. ......4% (Fig. 12.17). Shrinkage in excess of 4...the bentonite to swell and seal the joints...absorb water and swell. If confined, bentonite...deformation and shrinkage cracks upon rewetting...pressures. Allowed to swell freely, the clay-sand...suffer less drying shrinkage than the clay. Moreover...... |
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9. Laboratory testing Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2006; 21: 223 - 274. ......compression Csoc Compression index Cc Swell index C~ 0.1 mm 0.01 Mg/m3...liquid limit and plastic limit); shrinkage limit and linear shrinkage; density and dry density; particle...categories (Table 9.3). 9.3.4. Shrinkage tests All clays decrease in...... |
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ARTICLE: N. B. Hobbs Mire morphology and the properties and behaviour of some British and foreign peats Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, February 1986; 19: 7 - 80. ......necessary to make some allowance for the swell on unloading (see below). Sampling compression...possible to calculate primary and secondary swell in exactly the same way as for loading...which is included in the rapid primary swell phase, followed by a long term secondary...... |
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8. Aggregates for concrete Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 2001; 17: 199 - 223. ......quantities may exacerbate concrete drying shrink- age and moisture movement characteristics...constituents (DoE 1991). 8.14. Aggregate drying shrinkage A limited number of United Kingdom aggregates...turn, can affect adversely the drying shrinkage and wetting expansion charac- teristics...... |
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10. Stone repair and restoration Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 1999; 16: 373 - 423. ......clay-rich soils may lead to either shrinkage or heave in response to changes...condensed water soften and swell the dirty deposits on the faqade...and the cover the whole with shrink wrap to keep out the weather...out too quickly and avoiding shrinkage cracks. Hessian or sacking...... |
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ARTICLE: N. S. Robins and A. E. Milodowski Borehole cements and the downhole environment—a review Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, May 1986; 19: 175 - 181. ......although carbonation shrinkage depends on moisture content...carbonation occurs without shrinkage. In terms of borehole...environments, therefore, little shrinkage will occur beneath the...which adsorb water and swell so causing disruption...... |
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F.G. Bell and J.K. Mitchell Control of groundwater by exclusion Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 1986; 3: 429 - 443. ......Because of the humid conditions in which curing takes place shrink- age cracks due to drying are almost eliminated. The commonly...should be short so as to allow the suspension to continue to swell in the trench, thereby preventing deep penetration into the...... |
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ROUTE DESIGN: Laing Barden The relation of soil structure to the engineering geology of clay soil Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, February 1972; 5: 85 - 102. ......that the present preparation technique of air-drying has caused some of the fine chain-links to collapse and the major voids to shrink. This possibility requires further investigation of Ska-Edeby clay using impregnating agents instead of air-drying. However...... |
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